You know, those fine lines that sometimes appear on the skin? Stretch marks affect nearly 80% of adults, according to a review. British Journal of Dermatology [1]. Far from being purely an aesthetic issue, they tell the story of our body: pregnancy, growth, weight variations... But good news: there are solutions to prevent them and reduce their appearance. Let's explore together the mechanisms behind these marks and examine scientifically validated methods to address them.

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Understanding Stretch Marks: Much More than Just a Skin Story

Where do these streaks come from ?

Stretch marks form when the dermis - the middle layer of the skin - undergoes rapid stretching. Imagine an elastic band being pulled too quickly: it loses its elasticity. This is what happens to collagen and elastin fibers when the skin is subjected to sudden changes (weight gain, growth during adolescence, pregnancy) or hormonal fluctuations (such as during puberty). [1].

Their evolution is characterized by two phases:

1. The inflammatory phase (red or purple stretch marks) : recent, they can be slightly raised and sometimes itchy.
2. The scarring phase (white stretch marks) : As they age, they become paler and more hollow, as the skin tissue does not fully regenerate. [1].

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Key Factors: Genetics, Hormones, and Lifestyle

If some people are more prone to developing stretch marks than others, it is often a matter of genetic predisposition. A study by the INSERM highlights that variations in the genes responsible for collagen production play a major role. [1]. Hormones, especially cortisol (secreted in times of stress or during pregnancy), also weaken the skin fibers. [4].

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Prevention: Elastic Skin, it's Cultivated

Hydration: The Secret to Resilient Skin

Well-hydrated skin is more elastic and better able to resist stretching. Dermatologists recommend applying daily. vegetable oils (sweet almond, jojoba) or some creams containing hyaluronic acid [1]. A clinical study has shown that regular hydration reduces the risk of stretch marks during pregnancy by 30%.

Nutrition: Nourishing the Skin from the Inside

Key nutrients for supple skin:

• Vitamins A, C, and E (fruits, green vegetables, nuts): stimulate collagen production.
• Zinc (seeds, fish): accelerates tissue repair.
• Omega-3 fatty acids (salmon, avocado): strengthen cell membranes.

These elements help maintain the elasticity of the dermis. [1].

Physical Activity: Moving to Preserve Elasticity

Regular exercise improves blood circulation, which oxygenates the skin and makes it more resilient. Gentle practices like yoga or swimming stretch the muscles without causing micro-tears. [1] [7].

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Reducing Stretch Marks: Tailored Solutions for Every Stage

Topical Treatments: Act Early for Better Results

For the recent stretch marks (red), hyaluronic acid in cream or serum shows promising effectiveness. It stimulates fibroblasts, the cells that produce collagen and elastin. [4].

The white stretch marks, Older skins are less responsive to creams. However, circular massages with oils rich in vitamin E (such as wheat germ oil) can improve their texture. [7].

Dermatological Solutions: When the Skin Needs a Helping Hand

• Fractional laser : It triggers a controlled regeneration of the dermis, reducing stretch marks after a few sessions. [7].
• Microneedling This micro-needle roller stimulates collagen production and reduces the visibility of stretch marks. [7].

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Natural Methods: What Science Says

If aloe vera or shea butter are popular, their effectiveness remains limited according to a 2020 meta-analysis. They mainly act by moisturizing the skin surface, without penetrating deeply. [1].

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Conclusion: A Radiant Skin, with the Right Actions

Stretch marks do not define your story, but understanding their mechanisms helps to better manage them. Prevention is based on three pillars: skin hydration, balanced diet, and weight management. To reduce them, treatments using hyaluronic acid - whether applied topically or injected - provide results validated by science. [4].

And if you are unsure about the most suitable method for your skin, don't forget: a dermatologist can guide you towards a personalized solution. Because every skin deserves care... and a beautiful story to tell.

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Sources

• [1] British Journal of Dermatology (via Mpedia)
• [4] Elsevier Connect
• [7] AFME stands for Association for Financial Markets in Europe.